[R-G] Conquering Inevitability: A Review of John Gibler's Mexico Unconquered

Thu Feb 12 13:35:05 MST 2009

John Gibler will be in Vancouver:
Monday February 16, 2009
6:30 pm to 8:30 pm
SFU Harbour Center
515 W. Hastings
ROOM 1600

...

Conquering Inevitability: A Review of John Gibler's Mexico Unconquered

By Kristin Bricker
Source: Narco News

February, 12 2009

http://www.zmag.org/zbooks/review/124

Book: Mexico Unconquered: Chronicles of Power and Revolt (Gibler, John)
	ZNet Book Page
Publisher: City Lights Publishers
Pages:
Year: 2008
ISBN: 10 0872864936
By: Gibler, John

A little over a year ago in Mexico City, John Gibler and I were having  
drinks and talking about work with a handful of other journalists.  
John told us that he'd recently watched a documentary about the 1999  
WTO protests in Seattle with Mexican activists. He said that during  
the scenes where police beat protesters who offered no resistance, he  
and the Mexicans exclaimed, "Why don't they fight back?!"

In the United States, where grabbing the billy club that a police  
officer is using to beat you is almost universally considered to be  
"assaulting an officer" (a felony crime) rather than "self-defense,"  
it probably did not occur to most people who watched that documentary  
that fighting back was even a possibility.

In Mexico, fighting back is a daily reality.

Many US ex-pats living in Mexico have spent long hours pondering the  
same question both amongst ourselves and with Mexican friends and  
colleagues: Why aren't Mexican activists afraid to defend themselves?

Gibler has finally figured out the answer in his new book, Mexico  
Unconquered: Chronicles of Power and Revolt. Gibler weaves Mexican  
history, current events, theory, and analysis to support his thesis  
that Mexico was never fully conquered, and that Mexican people have  
been in a more or less constant state of rebellion against this  
conquest since the first foreigners washed up on their shores hundreds  
of years ago. The perpetual rebellion against the state (be it the  
Spanish colonial state, the Mexican state in the era of Independence,  
or the contemporary post-revolution state) has kept the Mexican  
government from achieving a measure of legitimacy amongst its citizens  
that the US government has enjoyed even in its most unpopular moments.

Gibler begins the book with a crash-course in the history of conquest  
and revolt in Mexico, starting with indigenous empires' conquest of  
each other and how their wars affected their ability to defend  
themselves against the Spanish conquistadores. He discusses the  
Catholic Church's role in the conquest, which can be a somewhat touchy  
subject in a majority Catholic country where most of the respected  
local human rights organizations that fight against government abuses  
are named after priests and saints. Gibler traces the Mexican  
government's notorious impunity to relations with the Spanish  
government during the colonial era--that is, about 370 years before  
the current-day Mexican government and its political structure were  
even born, and 270 years before Mexico first declared its independence  
from Spain.

In his analysis of how the Party of the Institutional Revolution (PRI)  
built its seventy-year stranglehold on the Mexican government, Gibler  
identifies the Mexican center-left's sacred cow, former president  
Lazaro Cardenas, as key in the consolidation of the PRI's power in its  
early years.  Gibler explains how Cardenas, celebrated for his labor  
and land reforms, actually used these "progressive" policies to divide  
workers and peasants and bring them under government control.

GIbler also tackles the "rule of law" in Mexico, which, thanks to its  
never-ending drug war and its notorious human rights record, is often  
the subject of op-eds, human rights reports, and foreign aid packages.  
The "rule of law" in Mexico, he notes, is not legal guarantees and  
equality before the law; "rule of law" is authority. It's why drug  
traffickers seem to run certain parts of the government, while the  
government rapes and kills people in San Salvador Atenco for  
protesting the government's failure to honor an on-record agreement it  
made with local flower vendors: they have the authority to do so.

The rest of Mexico Unconquered is a testament to Gibler's intrepid  
reporting over the past two years. As Mexican author and journalist  
Gloria Muñoz Ramirez writes in the book's foreword, "John Gibler is  
omnipresent." From the poorest indigenous community in the country, to  
the most horrific police operation in recent history, to the uprising  
in Oaxaca, to armed guerrillas in Guerrero, Gibler's been there. He's  
interviewed activists in barricades, migrants on the border, political  
prisoners in prison, paramilitaries in activist custody, children in  
elementary schools, and government officials in the seat of power.  
Those who have followed his dispatches from all over Mexico will not  
be disappointed in Mexico Unconquered.

The book gives Gibler the space he needs to analyze and elaborate upon  
the context of the news we've followed in his reports from Mexico.  
Rather than just reporting that a Chiapas indigenous community is  
desperately poor, Gibler places it within the context of the  
"biological class war" that is waged upon indigenous communities all  
over the country, making them severely over-represented amongst the  
nation's poorest citizens.

Mexico Unconquered's chapter on the 2006 conflict in Oaxaca thoroughly  
explains the violent campaign of government repression that left over  
twenty people dead. While the murder of US Indymedia journalist Brad  
Will captured international headlines, Gibler devotes just as much  
attention to other murders that occurred at that time. While the  
murderers in those cases are often as easily identifiable as in the  
Will case, the government is not investigating them (death squads led  
by uniformed police in marked cars killed at least one person, which  
might explain the lack of investigation), and there is no  
international outcry.

Gibler employs Slavoj Zizek's concept of the "Included" and the  
"Excluded" to provide a refreshing and inspiring take on the  
Zapatistas' Other Campaign, a subject that has up until now lacked a  
rigorous analysis in English-speaking media.

Activist Reference Book

Mexico Unconquered is painstakingly footnoted and contains a  
comprehensive bibliography and an index--all crucial factors for an  
amazing book to be a constant reference in any activist's library.  
Gibler doesn't try to pass off others' ideas as his own. On the  
contrary, when relying on other theorists, historians, or analysts to  
make a point or pain a picture, Gibler is careful to cite them in the  
text, footnotes, and bibliography. This makes his book a jumping-off  
point for further exploration and more in-depth investigation and  
analysis.

Gibler's intentional choice of vocabulary is present throughout the  
book and lends his analysis depth and credibility. He carefully  
defines terms such as "imperialism," "oppression," "colonialism," and  
"exploitation" and explains why he chose one word over another similar  
word that's often carelessly thrown around on the left. Gibler also  
calls into question the commonly held beliefs surrounding words like  
"poverty" and "corruption." These words are frequently used to discuss  
the political situation in Mexico, but more often than not they serve  
to hide the reality of domination and other systemic ills.

Call to Action

While Gibler doesn't present a plan for action ("I don't think it's  
anyone's place to say from an abstract level to a concrete and  
practical level what should be done," Gibler says), his book is a call  
to action. Mexican social movements amazed and inspired us through  
Gibler's articles; now we can better understand their context and  
history and the spirit of rebellion that drives them. Gibler leads off  
Mexico Unconquered with the following quote from Barrington Moore Jr:

"People are evidently inclined to grant legitimacy to anything that is  
or seems inevitable no matter how painful it may be. Otherwise the  
pain might be intolerable. The conquest in this sense of inevitability  
is essential to the development of politically effective moral  
outrage. For this to happen, people must perceive and define their  
situation as the consequence of human injustice: a situation they need  
not, cannot, and ought not endure."

Mexican activists have conquered this sense of inevitability; many of  
them, particularly indigenous communities in resistance, never  
accepted it in the first place. Hopefully Gibler's stories of Mexico's  
underdogs, los de abajo, will inspire activists in other parts of the  
world to conquer our feelings of inevitability about our own  
situations and finally stand up and defend what's ours.

Narco News recently talked to John Gibler about his new book, Mexico  
Unconquered. Read the interview here. Gibler is currently on a West  
Coast book tour.

Catch him at the following events:

Tuesday, February 10th, 6:00 pm

Eugene, OR: University of Oregon

http://calendar.uoregon.edu/calendar

University of Oregon presents Speaker John Gibler to discuss his new  
book, Mexico Unconquered: Chronicles of Power and Revolt, with Prof  
Lynn Stephen (sponsored by MEChA).

175 Knight Law Library

For more info, contact Global Exchange 415.255.7296

Tuesday, February 10th, 12:00 pm

Corvallis, OR: Oregon State University

http://calendar.oregonstate.edu/

Oregon State University Speaker John Gibler to discuss his new book,  
Mexico Unconquered: Chronicles of Power and Revolt.

For more info, contact Global Exchange 415.255.7296

Wednesday, February 11th, 7:00 pm

Olympia, WA: Traditions Café

http://www.traditionsfairtrade.com

Author John Gibler of Mexico Unconquered, Chronicles of Power and  
Revolt will appear. It is an evocative report on the epic powers of  
violence and corruption in Mexico and the underdogs and rebels who put  
their lives on the line to build justice from the ground up.

Traditions Café and World Folk Art
300 5th Avenue SW, Olympia, WA 98501
360-705-2819

For more info, contact Dick Meyer traditionsft at msn.com

Wednesday, February 18th, 7:00 pm

Bellingham, WA: Village Books

http://villagebooks.booksense.com

Village Books presents Speaker John Gibler to discuss his new book,  
Mexico Unconquered: Chronicles of Power and Revolt.

1200 Eleventh Street
Bellingham, WA 98225
Tel: (360) 671-2626

For more info, contact Nan Macy nan at villagebooks.com

Thursday, February 19th, 7:30 pm

Seattle, WA: Central Cinema

http://www.central-cinema.com

Join us for an evening of music, film, photos and discussion!  
Journalist and activist John Gibler will give a short talk about his  
new book, Mexico Unconquered: Chronicles of Power and Revolt.

1411 21st Avenue
Seattle, WA 98122

For more information, call 206.405.4600 or email

contact_us at seattleglobaljustice.org

Saturday, February 28th, 7:00 pm

Los Angeles: Eastside Café

http://eastsidecafeechospace.blogspot.com/

Eastside Cafe presents Speaker John Gibler to discuss his new book,  
Mexico Unconquered: Chronicles of Power and Revolt.

5469 Huntington Drive
El Sereno, CA 90032

For more info, contact Global Exchange 415.255.7296

Wednesday, March 4th, 7:00 pm

Tempe, AZ: Changing Hands

http://www.changinghands.com

Changing Hands Bookstore presents Speaker John Gibler to discuss his  
new book, Mexico Unconquered: Chronicles of Power and Revolt.

6428 S McClintock Dr
Tempe, AZ 85283
480-730-0205

For more info, contact Pinna Joseph
pinna.joseph at changinghands.com
480-730-4828

Thursday, March 5th, 6:00 pm

Las Cruces, NM: Center for Latin American and Border Studies

http://www.nmsu.edu/%7Eclas/events/event_mar5.html

Nason House
1200 University Ave, directly across from Kinko's
Las Cruces, NM

More information, contact Megan Shannon, 646-6814

John Gibler is an independent journalist who has been covering  
national and regional politics in Mexico since 2006. His writing and  
photographs have appeared in many publications, including New  
Politics, Yes! Magazine, Z Magazine, In These Times, Left Turn,  
Terrain Magazine, ColorLines, and Race, Poverty and the Environment.  
His reports have been broadcast on many Pacifica Radio programs,  
including Democracy Now!