[R-G] Nouriel Roubini and Barry Ritholtz

[Yoshie Furuhashi]

If there is anyone more pessimistic on capitalism than MR, that will
have to be Nouriel Roubini. -- Yoshie

<http://blogs.wsj.com/marketbeat/2008/10/02/live-blogging-the-roubiniritholtz-conference-call/>
October 2, 2008, 5:11 pm
Live-Blogging the Roubini/Ritholtz Conference Call
Posted by Mark Gongloff

Nouriel Roubini is the NYU economics professor known lovingly around
Wall Street as "Dr. Doom" for his foresight in predicting the end of
the financial system as we know it. Blogger/strategist Barry Ritholtz
of The Big Picture and Fusion IQ, who hasn't been much more
optimistic, is joining him this afternoon for a conference call to
discuss the credit crunch. Should be fun! And by "fun," we mean "a
reminder to stuff our money in our mattress."

5:08: Roubini starts out saying there are six things to think about.
The first question has about 10 parts. Could be a long call.

5:11: The U.S. economy risks a negative feedback loop: Economic woes
hurt creditworthiness, hurting banks, hurting credit, hurting the
economy. Wash, rinse, repeat, lose your house.

5:14: The Fed's next move is likely a rate cut.

5:14: Everything that's going on in markets now? You know, stocks and
credit being lousy? Expect more of that.

5:16: "The events of the last few weeks say we're one accident away
from a systemic financial meltdown," says Roubini. He points to
previous accidents that nearly caused a universe-eating financial
black hole: Bear Stearns in March, Fannie and Freddie in July and
Lehman and AIG a couple of weeks ago. "We're seeing the beginning of a
silent run on the shadow and traditional banking system," he says.
"There's a generalized panic" in the financial markets.

5:20: And that's not the scariest part, he says! The scariest part is
that, every time the government steps up its response, the market
reaction gets weaker and weaker.

5:22: "We are literally one step away from collapse of entire
financial system and even the corporate system."

5:24: This bailout package isn't going to do the trick. That's why the
market isn't cheering it any more: Nobody trusts anybody any more.
"We've reached the point where $700 billion doesn't make any
difference given reaction of market."

5:26: The economy was already in "freefall" before September. We're in
for a severe recession, according to a litany of data.

5:28: Treasury should have done more — you can't just buy and park bad
assets. You have to triage, shutting down weak banks and deciding who
to save. You have to recapitalize the banking system so they'll extend
credit. You have to reduce debt. Earlier, he said you have to
guarantee all deposits, regardless of amount. "This plan in Congress
is just a sham."

5:29: Roubini ends with the words "Great Depression." Ritholtz asks,
"That's how you're introducing me?" He says he's relieved to be the
less-bearish guy on the call.

5:30: Ritholtz says we won't have a "Great Depression," but a "Fair
Depression — not nearly as bad as 1930!" What a relief.

5:31: He takes time to poke the permabulls. Everybody take a drink.

5:33: We won't see a one-day loss like in 1987, but all told, the
market is already doing worse than it did in 1987. "You would have
been better off investing in 1982 and investing for six years than
investing in 2002 and investing for six years."

5:35: There's a smallish chance of another 20% stock-market downside from here.

5:37: Given his forecast for earnings next year, the S&P should be
about 975 (it's at 1114 now) assuming a P/E multiple of 15. If you use
a much lower multiple, then, well, you get the picture. "Crazy
numbers."

5:39: Oil could fall to $50.

5:39: The bailout plan doesn't really go to the problem, which is that
banks have a shortfall of capital. "This solves issues on the balance
sheet, not the higher issue of capital."

5:40: On the bright side, we're seeing some signs of market panic. But
there's still buying on dips — people haven't been "punished enough"
to stop having that reaction.

5:42: This is shaping up to be a "generational bear market," not a
typical bear market. We have a severe recession, with a credit crunch.
We're just starting to see the effects of credit on the real economy.

5:44: The thing to remember about every bailout is they all have
unintended consequences — every bailout has begotten the next bailout.
Look at LTCM, considered a good bailout: No tax money, no Fed money.
LTCM was an undercapitalized hedge fund that used a lot of leverage to
trade hard-to-value thinly traded paper. We bailed them out, and, lo
and behold, nobody got hurt from it. So it's no surprise that a few
years later, here we are with the same situation. "My concern is what
disaster are we gonna be dealing with 3, 4, 5 years from now that will
be the consequences of giving Wall Street's most reckless players a
pass?"

5:45: Zach Gast at RiskMetrics is speaking now, offering the
"bottom-up perspective" on the banking sector. He starts off with that
baseball metaphor, asking what inning it is. On the teevee, it's the
9th inning in Tampa Bay, and the Rays are up 6-4 with one out.

5:48: The Tampa game is now over (the Rays won), but Gast is
suggesting that we are still in the mid-to-early innings for the
banking sector. We're starting to see problems in commercial loans and
other previously healthy credit areas.

5:52: There are loans still sitting, overpriced, on bank books. When
you move away from fair-value accounting, people lose confidence in
your numbers and it gets harder to get capital. Moving away from
mark-to-market accounting, as the banking sector seems anxious to do,
will be a net negative for banks.

5:54: "Many institutions would be insolvent if we fully fair-valued
their assets," says Gast.

5:56: Deposit insurance up to $250,000 won't make much of a difference
— the deposits we're worried about are much larger.

5:57: Removing the bad assets from a bank and adding an equity warrant
is an improvement over the original plan — it will build the equity
base. But it's not enough; there needs to be more.

5:58: This bailout is probably best for the money center banks.
They're the ones holding trading securities. They've already taken the
hits to earnings. This hurts the regional banks and others still
holding assets at cost basis. Setting a lower market price will hurt
their capital adequacy in "a big way."
breadline_art_257_20081002183142.jpg
The Not-So-Fair Depression

6:00: We will probably need to explore injecting capital into the
banks. There will be significant resistance to creating winners and
losers this way. But there are ways to have the market do this, using
private-equity investors and matching their offers with government
money.

6:02: Now it's Q&A time. The first question is why this bailout plan
is so awful. Roubini suggests it was a rush job by Messrs. Paulson and
Bernanke and that Congress is just in a hurry to get on the campaign
trail.

6:05: Ritholtz suggests Paulson is running Treasury the way he ran
Goldman, "with an iron fist," without a lot of consultation. The Bush
administration has operated in a similar fashion, he says. "It's a
mediocre plan, poorly sold and poorly managed. I don't think this is a
slam-dunk tomorrow. I expect it to pass, but it wouldn't surprise me
if it loses by a vote or two."

6:06: The big, scary question: What if we pass the bill and it doesn't
help? What might happen, says Ritholtz, is that either one or both of
the presidential candidates calls for emergency panel to figure out a
better solution. They'll probably end up deciding to recapitalize the
banks after all.

6:09: Roubini says recession is marching around the globe. It doesn't
help that the world's biggest consumer, the USA, is in bad shape, and
the world's biggest producer, China, is slowing down, too.

6:11: Ritholtz suggests being in cash. Roubini makes fun of him for
being "only 55%" in cash. "Cash is safe today as long as it's not in a
bank or a money-market fund," says Roubini, getting another laugh.
Financial apocalypse humor is somehow less funny than other kinds of
humor.

6:13: "Gold is not a bad place to hide," says Ritholtz, maybe 5% or
10% of your portfolio.

6:15: Gast says the short-selling ban hasn't saved any financial
firms, but has increased the cost of trading, which hurts mutual
funds. Ritholtz says it's counterproductive because there aren't any
shorts to cover — the "natural floor in a crash." Now there's no
parachute. Roubini says would-be shorts are now in the CDS market,
pushing spreads really wide, which creates a mess for financials
anyway. In short, nobody likes what the SEC has done.

6:19: The dollar will be in a narrow range for the next 6-12 months,
but things get scarier later because of rising fiscal deficits, says
Roubini.

6:23: They're talking about their favorite sectors. "I would buy stock
in antidepressant firms," says Roubini, getting another laugh.

6:27: Roubini points out that this is the end of the deregulation era
— we've gone from an extreme of laissez-faire to the greatest
government intervention since the Great Depression. We need more
pragmatism, less ideology. Ritholtz points out that even Russia allows
short-selling. "But they closed the stock market," says Roubini.

On that happy note, the call ends. Vice Presidential debate, anyone?