[A-List] Secret UN Report Condemns US for Middle East Failures

[Yoshie Furuhashi]

<http://www.guardian.co.uk/frontpage/story/0,,2101676,00.html>
Secret UN report condemns US for Middle East failures

Envoy's damning verdict revealed as violence takes Gaza closer to civil war

Read Alvaro de Soto's end of mission report
<http://image.guardian.co.uk/sys-files/Guardian/documents/2007/06/12/DeSotoReport.pdf>

Rory McCarthy in Jerusalem and Ian Williams in New York
Wednesday June 13, 2007
The Guardian

The highest ranking UN official in Israel has warned that American
pressure has "pummelled into submission" the UN's role as an impartial
Middle East negotiator in a damning confidential report.

The 53-page "End of Mission Report" by Alvaro de Soto, the UN's Middle
East envoy, obtained by the Guardian, presents a devastating account
of failed diplomacy and condemns the sweeping boycott of the
Palestinian government. It is dated May 5 this year, just before Mr de
Soto stepped down.

The revelations from inside the UN come after another day of
escalating violence in Gaza, when at least 26 Palestinians were killed
after Hamas fighters launched a major assault. Palestinian President
Mahmoud Abbas, head of the rival Fatah group, warned he was facing an
attempted coup.

Mr de Soto condemns Israel for setting unachievable preconditions for
talks and the Palestinians for their violence. Western-led peace
negotiations have become largely irrelevant, he says.

Mr de Soto is a Peruvian diplomat who worked for the UN for 25 years
in El Salvador, Cyprus and Western Sahara. He says:

· The international boycott of the Palestinians, introduced after
Hamas won elections last year, was "at best extremely short-sighted"
and had "devastating consequences" for the Palestinian people

· Israel has adopted an "essentially rejectionist" stance towards the
Palestinians

· The Quartet of Middle East negotiators - the US, the EU, Russia and
the UN - has become a "side-show"

·The Palestinian record of stopping violence against Israel is "patchy
at best, reprehensible at worst"

Mr de Soto acknowledges in the report that he is its sole author. It
was meant only for senior UN officials, and its wording is far more
critical than the public pronouncements of UN diplomats. Last night,
Mr de Soto, who is in New York, told the Guardian: "It is a
confidential document and not intended for publication."

In January last year, the Quartet called on the newly elected Hamas
government to commit to non-violence, recognise Israel and accept
previous agreements. When Hamas refused to sign up to the principles,
the international community halted direct funding to the Palestinian
government and Israel started to freeze the monthly tax revenues that
it had agreed to pass to the Palestinians. Several hundred million
dollars remain frozen.

Mr de Soto, who had opposed the boycott, said this position
"effectively transformed the Quartet from a negotiation-promoting
foursome guided by a common document [the road map for peace] into a
body that was all-but imposing sanctions on a freely elected
government of a people under occupation as well as setting
unattainable preconditions for dialogue".

The EU said yesterday that there was an imminent risk of civil war if
fighting went on, and UN secretary-general Ban Ki-moon urged support
for Mr Abbas's efforts "to restore law and order".

In the heaviest day of fighting in Gaza for months, Hamas appeared to
make its first concerted effort to seize power in Gaza. There was a
wave of co-ordinated attacks, which appeared to overwhelm the larger
but less effective Fatah force. "Decisiveness will be in the field,"
said Islam Shahwan, a spokesman for the Hamas military wing.

Fatah's central committee called an emergency meeting in Ramallah, in
the West Bank, and said it would suspend the activities of its
ministers in the government. Fatah would pull out of the government if
the fighting failed to stop, it said.

For the first time in several weeks, fighting spread to the West Bank
when Fatah gunmen attacked a Hamas television studio in Ramallah and
kidnapped a Hamas deputy cabinet minister from the city.

The day began with a rocket attack on the private house in Gaza of
Ismail Haniyeh, the prime minister and a Hamas leader. He was in the
building but was not hurt. Fighting spread across Gaza City and within
hours Hamas fighters issued warnings over loudspeakers calling on all
Fatah security forces to pull out of their bases and return home. At
about 2pm Hamas gunmen seized control of several small Fatah bases and
one large base in northern Gaza, where there were heavy casualties
when Hamas fighters fired mortars and rocket-propelled grenades at the
compound.

Several Fatah officers complained that they had received no orders
during the day. Mr Abbas tried calling for a truce, and later Fatah
ordered its officers to fight back.

-- 
Yoshie